With the rapid development of electronic technology, printed circuit board is widely used in various fields, almost all electronic equipment contains the corresponding printed circuit board. Today, I’d like to introduce the composition of PCB and its advantages.

What is PCB?

Printed circuit board (PCB) is also known as printed circuit board. The so-called printed circuit board refers to the assembly board that selectively processes mounting holes, connecting wires and pads for assembling and welding electronic components on the insulating base plate, so as to realize the electrical connection between components.

The current circuit board is mainly composed of the following：

  • Circuit and pattern: circuit is a tool for conducting between components. In design, large copper surface will be designed as the grounding and power layer. Lines and drawings are made at the same time.
  • Dielectric layer: used to maintain the insulation between lines and layers, commonly known as substrate.
  • Through hole / via: the through hole can make the lines above two levels open to each other, the larger through hole is used as the part plug-in, in addition, the non through hole is usually used as the surface mounting location, and the screws are fixed during assembly.
  • Solder resist / solder mask: not all copper surfaces need to eat tin parts, so the non tin eating areas will be printed with a layer of substance (usually epoxy resin) to prevent the short circuit between non tin eating lines. According to different processes, it can be divided into green oil, red oil and blue oil.
  • Legend / marking / silk screen: This is an unnecessary component. Its main function is to mark the name and position box of each part on the circuit board, which is convenient for maintenance and identification after assembly.
  • Surface finish: because the copper surface is easy to oxidize in general environment, so it can’t be tinned (poor solder tin ability), so it will be protected on the copper surface to be tinned.

The surface technology includes:

  1. Hasl board, specifically, dip PCB into the molten solder pool, so that all exposed copper surfaces will be covered by solder, and then remove the excess solder on PCB through hot air cutter, because the surface of PCB after spraying tin and solder paste are the same material, so the welding strength and reliability are better;
  2. Plating gold board, what is plating gold? We call the whole plate gold plating. The principle is to melt nickel and gold (commonly known as gold salt) into chemical solution, immerse circuit board in electroplating cylinder and connect current to generate Immersion gold coating on the copper foil surface of circuit board. We widely utilize the high hardness, wear resistance, and non-oxidizability benefits of nickel gold coatings in electronic products.
  3. Immersion Gold board, immersion gold is through the chemical oxidation-reduction reaction to generate a layer of coating, generally thicker, is a chemical nickel immersion gold method, can achieve a thicker gold layer.
  4. For the carbon oil board, some customers require to print carbon oil on the printed circuit board, and use the screen printing technology to print carbon oil at the designated position of the PCB board.
  5. Gold finger boards are copper clad boards coated with a layer of gold through a specialized process. The antioxidative and conductive properties of gold allow for superior performance.

The main advantages are:

  1. Consistent graphics improves repeatability, reduces wiring errors, and saves time during equipment maintenance, debugging, and inspection.
  2. To enable easier component interchangeability, we can standardize the design.
  3. High wiring density, small volume and light weight, which is conducive to miniaturization of electronic equipment;
  4. It is beneficial to mechanized and automatic production, improves labor productivity and reduces the cost of electronic equipment.
  5. In particular, FPC flexible board bending resistance, precision, better application to high-precision instruments (such as camera, mobile phone, camera, etc.)

Can be high-density:

For decades, high-density PCB can develop with the improvement of IC integration and installation technology.

High reliability:

We ensure long-term reliability (generally 20 years) of PCBs through a series of inspections, tests, and aging tests.

Design ability:

We can enhance PCB performance by implementing design and standardization procedures, which allow for efficient performance in electrical, physical, chemical, and mechanical aspects. This results in a quick and effective process.

Producibility:

Adopt modern management, can carry on the standardization, the scale (quantity), the automation and so on production, guarantees the product quality consistency.

Testability:

We have established a comprehensive testing method, testing standards, and various equipment and instruments to qualify and identify the service life of PCB products.

Assembly ability:

PCB products are not only convenient for standardized assembly of various components, but also for automatic and large-scale mass production. Combining PCB and component assembly parts allows for the creation of larger parts, systems, or even a complete machine.

Maintainability:

By producing PCB products and component assembly parts in a standardized way, we can quickly and flexibly replace failed components and promptly restore the system.Of course, there are more examples. Such as miniaturization, lightweight, high-speed signal transmission and so on.